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Saint Petersburg

The Birth of Saint Petersburg Russia, or "Muscovy" as it was often called, had rarely been considered a part of Europe before the reign of Czar Peter I (Piotr Alexeievich), known as Peter the Great (r. 1682–1725). His supremacy marked the beginning of the country's "Westernization," whereby the political, economic, and cultural norms of the western European monarchies would become the basis for "civilizing" Russia. A radical transformation was needed to launch Russia into the modern world, a transformation later called the Petrine Revolution. The young czar, feeling oppressed by the medieval traditions and ecclesiastical patriarchy of seventeenth-century Moscow, wanted to Westernize Russia in a hurry, defying the sluggish pace of history.First word is leading! Also try expansion commercial european

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Associated subjects: peter paul rubens (+), art nouveau (+), abstract expressionism (+), gothic (+), portraits (+), low countries (+), embroidery (+), petrus christus (+), calligraphy (+), ottoman empire (+), albrecht durer (+), pop art (+), grand tour (+), joseph mallord william turner (+), drawings (+), pablo picasso (+), constantinople (+), monasteries (+), mary cassatt (+), north africa (+), leonardo da vinci (+), safavids (+), marcel duchamp (+), japonisme (+), byzantine tradition (+), neoclassical architectural gems (+), sevres porcelain (+), goldsmiths (+), palmyra (+), medieval art (+)

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