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Georges Seurat

French painter and draughtsman. (born Paris, 1859 - died Paris, 1891)

The work of Georges Seurat belongs to Pointillism, a style of painting within Impressionism. Together with Paul Signac, Seurat was the founder of 19th century Neo-Impressionism.

Seurat came to the conclusion that by placing pure colored points or dots next to each other, seen from a certain distance, one gets a greater brilliance and intensity and one's eyes combine these dots to a whole into a picture. His technique of using dots and small paintstrokes with contrasting colors became known as Pointillism or Divisionism. This was a much used technique in Neo-Impressionism of which Seurat is a striking representative. He probably used this technique from the thought that those strokes would create a more lively effect, than mixing the colors. However this way of working creates a special kind of mist.

Seurat's ideals were the perfect Classicistic forms of Poussin and Ingres and the Impressionist way of accentuating color.

He lived in a period of time where artists like Van Gogh and Gauguin were active. Seurat was especially famous for his monumental Pointillist work, but he also made Impressionist studies. He deliberately chose Pointillism instead of the regular brushstrokes the Impressionists used, but he also differed from Impressionism through making more formal compositions, based on the classical proportions of the golden ratio, instead of trying to establish short moments of light and movement.

Georges Seurat studied at the École des Beaux Arts in 1878 and 1879 where his teacher was a disciple of Ingres. Seurat didn't finish his study. He preferred to visit the Louvre, where he studied and copied famous masters like Rembrandt, Francisco Goya, Delacroix and Ingres and was especially impressed by Poussin, whom he tried to imitate in placing contrasts behind one another.

In the period 1882 till 1883 he only worked in black and white and he created a beautiful series of drawings. Together with Paul Signac he concentrated on the theoretical foundations of the optical effects of color. The Neo-Impressionists leaned on the new scientific insights on color theory and optical effects, like the doctrine of Eugène Chevreul about the simultaneous color contrast, the scientific treatises of Hermann von Helmholz and the form theories of Charles Blanc from 1867.

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Associated subjects: european paintings (+), mondrian (+), radiant landscapes (+), watercolors (+), henri matisse (+), cubism (+), fauve artists (+), vincent van gogh (+), neo-impressionism (+), post-impressionism (+), georges-pierre seurat (+), french (+), painter (+), divisionism (+), pointillism (+), hatching (+), auguste renoir (+), pablo picasso (+), pissarro (+), paul signac (+), french, about 1882 - 1883 (+), modern art (+), fauvists (+), paul gauguin (+), paul cezanne (+), fauvist painters (+), georges braque (+), tahiti (+), the nabis (+), henri de toulouse-lautrec (+)

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