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Pablo Picasso

Spanish painter, draughtsman, sculptor, set designer, graphic artist and ceramist. (born, Malaga, 1881 - died, Mougins (near Cannes), 1973)

The Spanish artist Pablo Ruiz Picasso was one of the most influential and successful artists from the twentieth century and co-founder of Cubism with Georges Braque. He lived mainly in France. In his development and exploration he also made a significant contribution to the development of a great variety in styles, starting with Realism and Abstraction, Primitivism, Cubism, Neoclassisism, Surrealism and Expressionism and had a huge impact on the development of modern and contemporary art. He was a very prolific artist with masterpieces like Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907) and his mural Guernica (1937) and made a fortune in the process.

In 1891 the family moved to A Coruña where his father became a professor of drawing at the new Da Guarda Institute. In 1892 he became his fathers student there. In 1895 Picasso went to the local art academy of Barcelona La Llotja. He entered the Royal Academie of San Fernando in Madrid in 1897, where he discovered the paintings of Velázquez en Goya. In 1899 back in Barcelona Picasso regularly visited café El Quatre Gats, where writers, poets, journalists and artists gathered. He experimented with his first engravings and discovered Toulouse-Lautrec and Steinlen.
In 1900 Picasso left for Paris where he studied Greek, Roman and Egyptian art in the Louvre and the works of Steinlen, Bonnard, Denis, Toulouse-Lautrec and others in the galleries of the Rue Lafitte. He portrayed the variety theatre and the circus in his paintings. Since 1901 he signed his paintings with the name Picasso, his mothers last name. He exhibited in Galerie Ambroise Volard.
From 1901-1904 a sombre blue is the dominant color in his paintings, the 'Blue Period'. Paintings depicting daily life of beggars, streetsingers and other outcasts. In 1904 he moved to Paris where he had a studio in Bateau Lavoir. He met Matisse, André Derain and Gertrude Stein, his first collector.
From 1904-1906 his palette became rose, his 'Rose Period' painting mainly images from circus life, clowns and acrobats he saw almost daily in the Médrano-circus.
In 1906 in the Spanish village Gosol he intensively studied Cézanne's works and African sculptures and experimented with geometric forms. In 1907, before meeting Braque and the art dealer D.H. Kahnweiler he turned to a new revolutionary direction with his painting Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, breaking with the tradition of formal and aesthetic 19th century art and breaking ground for Cubism. In 1909 together with Georges Braque he developed analytical Cubism. In 1912 he started making three dimensional paintings and his first papiers collés. In 1917 Picasso designed for Diaghilev's Ballets Russes. From 1920-24 was his Neoclassisist period. After that bizarre and deformed sometimes aggressive creatures started to appear in his work, that show the influence of Surrealism.
In 1930 he started a sculpture studio in the castle of Boisgeloup. In 1937 Picasso made the mural painting Guernica an indictment against the atrocities of war, a contribution for the Spanish Pavilion at the Exposition Universelle in Paris. In 1939 he completed his series Suite Vollard. In 1940 he returned to Paris and in 1944 he became a member of the French communist party. Since 1946 he lived at the Côte d'Azur and from 1958 at Aix en Provence. He continued working on his prolific oeuvre of paintings, sculptures, etchings and ceramics. He died in 1973.

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Associated subjects: cubism (+), school of paris (+), cezanne (+), el greco (+), surrealist imagery (+), neoclassical (+), henri matisse (+), modern art (+), engraving (+), proof (+), galerie louise leiris (+), primitivism (+), hidalgo arnera (+), pablo picasso (+), henri laurens (+), dada (+), edgar degas (+), georges braque (+), collage (+), guernica (+), drawings and prints (+), man ray (+), abstract expressionism (+), hanne darboven (+), kuba (+), paul klee (+), rodin (+), alfred stieglitz (+), united states (+), avant-garde in the united states (+)

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