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Renaissance art

Art of the European Renaissance period, emerging around 1400 in Italy, in parallel with developments in philosophy, literature, music and science. Renaissance art marks the transition of Europe from the medieval period to the Early modern age.
Renaissance art, perceived as a "rebirth" of ancient classical traditions, took and developed the art of Classical antiquity further by absorbing and applying recent developments in the art of Northern Europe and application of contemporary scientific knowledge.

Interest in nature, humanistic learning, and individualism were already present in the late medieval period and became dominant in 15th- and 16th-century Italy concurrently with social and economic changes such as the secularization of daily life, the rise of a rational money-credit economy, and greatly increased social mobility.

Renaissance art and Humanist philosophy spread throughout Europe, affecting both artists and their patrons with the development of new techniques and new artistic sensibilities. In many parts of Europe, Early Renaissance art was created in parallel with Late Medieval art. By 1500 the Renaissance style prevailed. As Late Renaissance art (Mannerism) developed, it took on different and distinctive characteristics in every region.

Renaissance artists painted religious altarpieces, fresco cycles, and small works for private devotion. For inspiration, painters in both Italy and northern Europe frequently turned to Jacobus de Voragine's Golden Legend (1260), a highly influential source book for the lives of saints that had already had a strong influence on Medieval artists. The rebirth of classical antiquity and Renaissance humanism also resulted in many Mythological and history paintings. Decorative ornament, often used in painted architectural elements, was especially influenced by classical Roman motifs.

Techniques
* The use of perspective: first in the work of Giotto di Bondone, at the beginning of the 14th century. True linear perspective was formalized later by Filippo Brunelleschi and Leon Battista Alberti.
* foreshortening - The term foreshortening refers to the artistic effect of shortening lines in a drawing so as to create an illusion of depth.
* sfumato - a fine art painting technique of blurring or softening sharp outlines by subtle and gradual blending of one tone into another through the use of thin glazes to give the illusion of depth or three-dimensionality.
* chiaroscuro - a fine art painting modeling effect of using a strong contrast between light and dark to give the illusion of depth or three-dimensionality.
* Balance and Proportion: proper sizes.

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Associated subjects: northern renaissance (+), filippo brunelleschi (+), leon battista alberti (+), mannerism (+), antonello da messina (+), hans holbein de jonge (+), sandro botticelli (+), titian (+), fra angelico (+), late renaissance (+), parmigianino (+), tintoretto (+), el greco (+), masaccio (+), high renaissance (+), giambologna (+), correggio (+), paolo veronese (+), vasari (+), raphael (+), giorgione (+), early renaissance (+), buonarroti michelangelo (+), verrocchio (+), bellini (+), benvenuto cellini (+), leonardo da vinci (+), albrecht durer (+), donatello (+), pieter breughel de oudere (+)

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